目录
前言
使用Python内建的subprocess模块，能够实现外部程序的调用。如果你的工作环境是Windows系统，那么Python+Powershell的组合会为你的工作带来极大的便利。本篇介绍一个使用Python做数据处理，Powershell做系统调用的例子。
Powershell call Python
首先在Windows Server 2012 R2中使用Powershell脚本做数据收集，并存放到一个文件中。
#fileName = hd.ps1#function for countdownFunction Countdown($number,$title,$text1,$text2='Pls Call Jmilk'){ Write-Host "Exit the Script after $number seconds" -ForegroundColor Red $Countdown = $number for($PercentComplete = $Countdown; $PercentComplete -ge 0; $PercentComplete--) { Write-Progress -Activity $title -Status $text1 -CurrentOperation $text2 -SecondsRemaining $PercentComplete ; Sleep -Seconds 1; }}#End Function CountdownWrite-Host "Welcome to use the script to create table for HI & OFR nodes status" -ForegroundColor CyanWrite-Host "Building the file hd.txt...Pls be patient.The script will be auto-Exit after created the hd.txt file" -ForegroundColor Yellow#Change the rdtools path$rdtoolsPath = 'E:\Users\userName\rdtools'cd $rdtoolsPath$cmd = 'commands' #commands of Data-Collection 因为保密条约不能将内部指令对外 cmd /c $cmd | Out-File -FilePath E:\Users\userName\Desktop\hd.txt #在powershell里调用了别的Shell所以需要使用cmd指令来实现环境变量的传递#Out-File 将数据导出到文件Write-Host 'Build Done' -ForegroundColor Green#Powershell call pythonStart-Process python E:\Users\userName\Desktop\hd.py #在收集完数据后调用Python做数据处理#结束并推出PowershellCountdown 60 'Hd.ps1' 'Exiting...' 'Pls go to the next step!' Python call Powershell
主要使用了subprocess模块，subproocess的详细介绍，点击
#coding:utf8#FileName=hd.pyimport osimport codecsfrom openpyxl.workbook import Workbookfrom openpyxl.writer.excel import ExcelWriterfrom openpyxl.cell import get_column_letterfrom openpyxl.cell import Cellfrom openpyxl import Workbookfrom openpyxl import load_workbookimport subprocess#读取数据收集文件def readFile(fileUrl): """Read the file and return the file content""" try: #unicode file fileObject = codecs.open(fileUrl,'r',encoding='utf-16') except unicodeDecodeError: print "Pls check the encoding for hd.txt whether [unicode]" else: print("Unspecified Error,Pls call Jmilk") try: fileContent = fileObject.readlines() finally: fileObject.close() return fileContent#数据分类函数def getNodeCountList(readLines): """Get the different node status type and change the global variable""" i = 0 for line in readLines: lineItem = line.split(':') if lineItem[0] == '---- \r\n': i += 1 continue if lineItem[0] == ' Node State': if lineItem[1] == ' Ready count': global ReadyCount ReadyCount[i-1] = int(lineItem[2]) if lineItem[1] == ' OutForRepair count': global OutForRepairCount OutForRepairCount[i-1] = int(lineItem[2]) if lineItem[1] == ' HumanInvestigate count': global HumanInvestigateCount HumanInvestigateCount[i-1] = int(lineItem[2])#生成Excel表格def createTable(): """Create the HI‘s & OFR nodes status table""" wb = Workbook() ws = wb.worksheets[0] ws.title = u"NodeCount" for i in list(range(1,26)): ws.cell("A"+str(i)).value = '%s' % (cluster[i-1]) ws.cell("B"+str(i)).value = '%s' % (HumanInvestigateCount[i-1]) ws.cell("C"+str(i)).value = '%s' % (OutForRepairCount[i-1]) ws.cell("D"+str(i)).value = '%s' % (ReadyCount[i-1]) ws.cell("E"+str(i)).value = '%.2f%s' %((float(HumanInvestigateCount[i-1])/(HumanInvestigateCount[i-1]+OutForRepairCount[i-1]+ReadyCount[i-1]))*100,'%') wb.save("Hd.xlsx")#Python call powershell 使用powershell实现发送数据处理邮件 def python_call_powershell(bodyStr): args = [r"C:\WINDOWS\system32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe","-ExecutionPolicy","Unrestricted",r"E:\Users\userName\Desktop\SendMail.ps1",str(bodyStr)] ps = subprocess.Popen(args,stdout=subprocess.PIPE) psReturn = ps.stdout.read() return psReturnif __name__ == '__main__': #Change to your user name user = 'userName' cluster = [] ReadyCount = [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0] OutForRepairCount = [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0] HumanInvestigateCount = [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0] percentage = [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0] fileUrl = 'E:\\Users\\' + user + '\\Desktop\\hd.txt' if os.path.exists(fileUrl): readContent = readFile(fileUrl) getNodeCountList(readContent) #createTable() else: print('Not exist the file!') for i in list(range(0,24)): percentage[i] = '%.2f%s' % ((float(HumanInvestigateCount[i])/(HumanInvestigateCount[i]+OutForRepairCount[i]+ReadyCount[i]))*100,'%') bodyStr = [x for li in [cluster,HumanInvestigateCount,OutForRepairCount,ReadyCount,percentage] for x in li] for index in list(range(0,24)): print cluster[index]+'\t',str(HumanInvestigateCount[index])+'\t',str(OutForRepairCount[index])+'\t',str(ReadyCount[index])+'\t'+percentage[index] print bodyStr callResult = python_call_powershell(bodyStr) print callResult Powershell发送邮件
#fileName = sendMail.ps1#Set secure passwordFunction Set-SecurePwd($storage){ $mysecret = 'mailPassword' $mysecret | ConvertTo-SecureString -AsPlainText -Force | ConvertFrom-SecureString | Out-File -FilePath $storage $pw = Get-Content $storage | ConvertTo-SecureString return $pw}#End Function Set-SecurePwd#Sned EmailFunction Send-Email($attach,$body){ #$pwd = Set-SecurePwd $storage #$cred = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential "mailUsername",$pwd $to = "XXX@XXX.com" $from = "XXX@XXX.com" $cc = "XXX@XXX.com" $sub = "Number of statistics for Node status" $smtp = "SMTP.163.COM" Send-MailMessage -To $to -From $from -cc $cc -Subject $sub -Body $body -BodyAsHtml -SmtpServer $smtp -port 25 -Attachments $attach -Credential $cred -UseSsl if($?) { Write-Host "Sent Successfully!" -ForegroundColor Green } else { Write-Host "Error" -ForegroundColor Red }}#End Function Send-Email#Mail$storage = "E:\Users\userName\Desktop\password.txt"$attach = "E:\Users\userName\Desktop\Hd.xlsx"$data = $args[0] #获取Python传递过来的参数$date = Get-Date$currentTime = "{0:G}" -f $date.AddHours(16)$body = "Report of data deal with" #使用HTML的方式来自定义邮件格式Send-Email $attach $bodySleep 10 最后
在上面这个例子中，使用Powershell做数据收集，Python做数据处理，最后使用Powershell的内建方法Send-MailMessage来发送数据处理报告。实现的过程非常简便。